Date of Award

Fall 11-22-2024

Document Type

Masters Thesis

Degree Name

M.S. in Biological Sciences

Organizational Unit

College of Natural Science and Mathematics, Biological Sciences

First Advisor

Jonathan P. Velotta

Second Advisor

Erica Larson

Third Advisor

Robin Tinghitella

Copyright Statement / License for Reuse

All Rights Reserved
All Rights Reserved.

Keywords

Alosa pseudoharengus, Evolution, Genetics

Abstract

The extent to which we can predict evolution is of utmost concern in our era of rapid anthropogenic change. Tests of this require a system in which independent taxa are subjected repeatedly to the same selection pressures. Migratory alewives (Alosa pseudoharengus) in the Atlantic coastal USA are a unique model, as multiple populations have been independently restricted to freshwater (landlocked) by dams built in the last 350 years. To test if recent freshwater adaptation occurs in parallel, I conducted whole genome sequencing of landlocked and anadromous (migratory from ocean to freshwater) populations of alewife. I first confirmed that landlocked populations are independently derived from an anadromous ancestor. I subsequently found that landlocked populations have lowered genetic diversity, likely caused by a combination of founder effects, bottlenecks, and/or ongoing inbreeding. I scanned for signatures of natural selection across the genome and determined that while parallel selection was rare, small regions of repeated selection occurred around genes with putative function in salt and water balance. Moreover, a suite of candidate osmoregulatory genes was under selection more frequently than other genes in the genome. This suggests that a small but functionally-relevant group of genes are repeated targets of selection. Despite this, repeated selection on any given gene was not likely to be due to shared variation at the nucleotide-level, suggesting a lack of selection from standing genetic variation. Thus, despite the likelihood of a large initial founding population, selection in response to damming is only repeatable at broader functional levels. My study highlights the need to understand both demography and physiological pathways when determining if evolution is predictable.

Copyright Date

11-2024

Publication Statement

Copyright is held by the author. User is responsible for all copyright compliance.

Rights Holder

Riley M. Corcoran

Provenance

Received from author

File Format

application/pdf

Language

English (eng)

Extent

91 pgs

File Size

4.2 MB

Available for download on Thursday, January 21, 2027



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