Date of Award

1-1-2019

Document Type

Dissertation

Degree Name

Ph.D.

Organizational Unit

Josef Korbel School of International Studies

First Advisor

Deborah Avant, Ph.D.

Second Advisor

Erica Chenoweth

Third Advisor

Cullen Hendrix

Keywords

Bosnia, Civilian victimization, Civil war, Foreign fighters, Political violence, Rebel governance

Abstract

How does the extent to which rebel organizations are embedded into local conflict contexts - i.e. the extent to which they "fit in" or "stand out" from local populations - affect their behavior on and off the battlefield during civil war? This dissertation examines why rebel group propensities to engage in governance and violence during war vary at the macro and microlevels of analysis and uses as its point of departure the presence of foreign fighters in the ranks of rebel groups engaged in civil war. I employ a cross-national analysis of insurgencies from 1989-2011, and also conduct a theory-testing comparison of the experiences of local and foreign armed actors within one conflict: soldiers in the Army of Bosnia-Herzegovina during the Bosnian War from 1992-1995. Responding to limitations in explanations of rebel behavior ranging from governance to civilian victimization, I argue that combatants' interactions that occur on and off the battlefield are contingent on actors' embeddedness into local conflict conflicts. Using existing data on foreign fighters in civil wars, data from interviews with 50 subjects in Bosnia, combatant memoirs, as well as archival and secondary sources, I find that when soldiers are structurally and culturally embedded into a local context, they are most likely to experience war through fluid civilian-soldier identities that open doors to a range of nonviolent interaction. By contrast, soldiers who lack social ties into civilian communities and who do not share a common understanding of a war with local populations are more likely to resort to coercion and violence to meet their battlefield needs. The theory and findings suggest that understanding the broad scope of armed group behavior requires examining the social origins of rank and file fighters, and how combatants' integration and assimilation into local contexts incentivizes violent versus nonviolent interaction with the local populace.

Publication Statement

Copyright is held by the author. User is responsible for all copyright compliance.

Rights Holder

Pauline Luz Moore

Provenance

Received from ProQuest

File Format

application/pdf

Language

en

File Size

408 p.

Discipline

International relations, Political science

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