Date of Award
8-2023
Document Type
Dissertation
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Organizational Unit
College of Natural Science and Mathematics, Chemistry and Biochemistry
First Advisor
Sandra S. Eaton
Second Advisor
Mark Siemens
Third Advisor
Allegra Aron
Fourth Advisor
Scott Horowitz
Fifth Advisor
Brian Michel
Sixth Advisor
Brian Majestic
Keywords
Rapid scan electron paramagnetic resonance (RS-EPR), Imaging, Probes, Nitroxides, Organic radical contrast agent (ORCA)
Abstract
Local tissue physiology is an important parameter in understanding disease behavior. Rapid Scan (RS) electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) offers a unique, non-invasive tool for investigation of these so-called microenvironments through EPR Imaging (EPRI). Research into advancement of EPRI falls into many categories. Not least among those are advances in instrumentation and methodology. Presented here are updates to a benchtop EPRI instrument operating at 1 GHz targeted at pre-clinical EPRI applications. Newly developed methods for reducing RS-EPR background through inversion of the magnetic field are also demonstrated. EPR applications are limited in native biological systems due to the miniscule concentration of paramagnetic species. Because of this, biological EPR and EPRI heavily rely on the use of introduced paramagnetic compounds termed, “probes.” These probes are often organic free-radicals such as triarylmethyl (Trityl) radicals or nitroxides. Attention is given here to an example of a nitroxide that has been structured to provide longer intercellular retention time. In addition to the use of nitroxides as probes, they can also be utilized as nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents via the Overhauser dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) effects they exert on water protons. A novel employment of this is shown here as an organic radical contrast agent (ORCA). In addition to providing a signal for EPRI to measure, probes can be tuned to provide information about the local cellular environment. Many schemes are employed to utilize this ability of nitroxides (and other radicals) to relay microenvironment information in a spectrum. One such scheme is presented here that utilizes the reversible dissociation of a disulfide bond to detect the glutathione (GSH) mediated cellular redox environment.
Copyright Date
8-2023
Copyright Statement / License for Reuse
All Rights Reserved.
Publication Statement
Copyright is held by the author. User is responsible for all copyright compliance.
Rights Holder
Lukas B. Woodcock
Provenance
Received from ProQuest
File Format
application/pdf
Language
English (eng)
Extent
214 pgs
File Size
4.0 MB
Recommended Citation
Woodcock, Lukas B., "Dinitroxides in Rapid Scan Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging" (2023). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 2331.
https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/2331
Discipline
Physical chemistry